辽宁省沈阳地区儿童及青少年高血压现状及影响因素分析

摘要

目的：研究主要评估辽宁省沈阳地区儿童及青少年高血压流行情况,探索不同因素对血压的影响.方法：采用分层整群随机抽样法对辽宁省沈阳市周边地区12所中小学6~18岁在校生身高、体重、血压等指标测量,并填写统一制定的调查表,采用SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析.结果：①调查5450名儿童及青少年,其中男生2840人,女生2610人,检出高血压1098人,患病率为20．2％；高血压的检出率随年龄增加而增加；②高血压患病率与儿童肥胖呈正相关,体质指数越大,高血压患病率越高(χ2＝247．4,P＜0．05)；③ logistic回归分析显示多吃早餐(OR＝0．798,95％CI 0．675~0．942)是儿童及青少年高血压患病的保护性因素；而油炸食品(OR＝1．214,95％CI 1．035~1．425)、KFC快餐(OR＝1．289,95％CI 1．022~1．624)是高血压患病的危险因素(P＜0．05).结论：沈阳市儿童及青少年的高血压检出率为20．2％,油炸食品和KFC是高血压的重要危险因素,定期监测,调整饮食、控制肥胖对预防儿童及青少年高血压有重要意义.%Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and its relevant factors among children and adolescents in Shenyang city of Liaoning.Methods:A cross-sectional study of 5450 children and adoles-cents aged 6~18 years was conducted.Height,weight,blood pressure were measured and some related fac-tors were investigated with the uniform questionnaire.SPSS 17.0 of statistical software was used for data a-nalysis.Results:Survey was performed in 5450 children (2840 boys and 2610 girls)aged 6~18 years old. The prevalence of hypertension was 20.2%.Both systolic blood pressure (SBP)and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)were increased with age.The prevalence of hypertension among the children was closely related to fat-ness(χ2=247.4,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that having breakfast(OR=0.798,95%CI 0.675~0.942)had a positive effects on blood pressure,Fried food (OR=1.214,95%CI 1.035~1.425)and KFC (OR=1.289,95%CI 1.022~1.624)was associate with a high likelihood of hypertension.Conclusion:The prevalence of hypertension of children and adolescents is 20.2%,There existed a higher prevalence of chil-dren hypertension,Significant risk factors in children and adolescents with hypertension were fired food and KFC.Therefore,avoiding obesity,improving dietary status,should be carried out in children.