形状记忆聚合物机理、表征与多形状记忆效应的研究进展

摘要

Shape memory polymer,a kind of smart material that can response to the external stimula-tion and produce morphology changes,has achieved a plenty of progress in recent years.More initia-tion methods and advanced memory effects by applying specific chemical structures and reactions to the shape memory system were found by the researchers with further understanding of the shape memory mechanism.Multiple shape memory polymer,as the morphology extension of traditional shape memory polymer,has attracted more interests for its exclusive performance in a memory circle. Polymer blending is an easier way to prepare multiple shape memory system.Recently,a new theoret-ic breakthrough has been made on multiple shape memory polymer that assures it complex morpholog-ical change,making it more potentially applicable in real life.In this paper,we aim to provide more information on the theory and characterization of the polymer's shape memory effect and the develop-ment of multiple shape memory polymer in recent years.%形状记忆聚合物是一种可以感受外界刺激并产生形态学变化的智能材料,近段时间得到了飞速发展.随着研究者们对形状记忆机理的理解不断深入,一些特殊的化学结构与化学反应被应用到形状记忆体系当中,新的引发方式与高级记忆效应被发现.多形状记忆聚合物作为传统形状记忆聚合物的形态学拓展,在记忆循环中具有独特的行为,一直受到广泛的关注.共混法制备多形状记忆聚合物的出现,显著降低了多形状记忆体系的制备难度.近期,多形状记忆聚合物在机理上出现新的突破,体系具有改变复杂几何形态的能力,使材料更具有现实应用潜力.本文着重介绍近年来多形状记忆聚合物这一新方向的最新研究进展,并阐明聚合物形状记忆的机理及其表征.