事对：一种内蕴中国文化的诗法

摘要

事对是中国古典诗歌创作中最重要的方法之一。究其实质，它是“并举人验”即两件事对偶相叠的一种诗歌创作手法。从“事”的角度看，事对就是经过文化浸润或美学加工的用事或序事。从“对”的角度来看，事对就是一种具有历史深度感的对偶。事对“称名也小，取类也大”。事对浸染着中国重双崇偶的传统文化，造化赋形，支体必双，神理为用，事不孤立。事对作为一种内蕴着中国文化的诗法不仅滋养着中国诗歌的创作，而且也传承着中国的诗学文化。因此，我们没有理由不把这种极具中国文化特色的诗法呈现出来以为当下诗歌创作所用。%Dual-thing quotation is one of the most important methods in Chinese classical poem-writing. It is a kind of the dual thing technique in the poetry creation. From the perspective of “thing”, it is a type of literary quotation by cultural infiltration or aesthetic processing. From the point of “dual”, it is a kind of antithesis with historical depth. Although dual-thing quotation is a small problem, it is very significant in Chinese classical poetry. The characteristics of dual-thing quotation come from the traditional culture of china. Dual-thing quotation not only nourishes the creation of Chinese poetry, but also inherits Chinese poetic culture. So we have no reason not to present the poetry method with Chinese culture and put it to the poetry creation.