The estuarine wetland of Luoshi River, which flowed into Lake Erhai in Yunnan Plateau, is used to be studied as a typi-cal research object. Sediment samples in the estuarine wetland of Luoshi River were collected by the cylindrical sediment sampler and taken from the surface layer (0-10 cm). The spatial distributions of the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total organic mat-ter were analyzed, and did the pollution risk assessment of sediments. The results showed that: The contents of total phosphorus (TP) in the surface sediments ranged from 0.04 to 1.28 g/ kg, and the TP spatial distribution characteristics were lower in areaⅠthan areaⅡ, but higher in channelⅠthan channelⅡ. The content of total nitrogen (TN) in the surface sediments ranged from 0.33 to 2.96 g/ kg, and the TN spatial distribution characteristics were higher in areaⅠthan areaⅡ, and higher in channelⅠthan chan-nelⅡ. The content of OM in the surface sediments ranged from 32.43 to 233.03 g/ kg, and the OM spatial distribution characteris-tics were lower in areaⅠthan area Ⅱ, and lower in channelⅠthan channelⅡ. Combined evaluation methods with the comprehen-sive pollution index and organic index to analyze the pollution of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus in the surface sediments at the estuarine wetland of Luoshi River, results show that the pollution in areaⅠand channelⅠwas medium level, and the pollu-tion in areaⅡand channelⅡwas mild level. The pollution of organic contaminants in channelⅠand channelⅡwas heavy level, and the area Ⅰand areaⅡwas medium level. The spatial distribution of surface sediment at the estuarine wetland of Luoshi River was influenced by the external pollutant, the culture activity and the aquatic plant. Pollution in channel I was mainly sourced by input of nitrogen and phosphorus, and pollution in channel II was mainly dominated by organic matter.%以云南洱海罗时江河口湿地为典型对象，利用柱状底泥分层采样器采集罗时江河口湿地表层（0~10 cm）沉积物样品，研究分析总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、有机质（OM）的空间分布特征，并对沉积物进行污染风险评价.结果表明：表层沉积物 TP 含量在0.04~1.28 g/ kg 之间，空间分布特征为：Ⅱ区＞Ⅰ区，水道Ⅰ＞水道Ⅱ；TN 含量在0.33~2.96 g/ kg 之间，空间分布特征为：Ⅰ区＞Ⅱ区，水道Ⅰ＞水道Ⅱ，OM 含量在32.43~233.03 g/ kg 之间，空间分布表现为Ⅰ区＜Ⅱ区，水道Ⅰ＜水道Ⅱ.结合综合污染指数与有机指数评价法可知，罗时江河口湿地表层沉积物氮、磷污染：Ⅰ区和水道Ⅰ属于中度污染，Ⅱ区和水道Ⅱ属于轻度污染；有机污染：水道Ⅰ和水道Ⅱ属于重度污染，Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区属于中度污染.罗时江河口湿地表层沉积物空间分布受外源污染物、养殖活动和湿地水生植物的影响，氮、磷外源输入以水道Ⅰ为主，有机质输入以水道Ⅱ为主.
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