面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制构建的路径选择——基于多元主体共同参与视角的分析

摘要

[目的/意义]面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制是一个值得关注的问题,应急科普传播主体间的关系混乱是应急科普舆论引导效果不佳的主要原因.基于多元主体共同参与视角研究面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制,探寻应急科普机制构建的有效路径.[方法/过程]首先,界定概念并分析研究现状;其次,分析构建面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制的要求;最后,提出构建面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制的路径.[结果/结论]面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制是由控制传播技术的媒介组织、科学信息的提供者、科普的管理者三种主体构成的"一元权力结构之下的多元主体舆论引导的应急科普机制".政府及其职能组织发挥"科普管理主体"作用,科学家及职业科普组织发挥"科普职业主体"作用,媒介资源的占有组织发挥"科普媒介主体"作用,政党的宣传组织发挥"舆论引导主体"作用是构建面向突发公共事件舆论引导的应急科普机制的路径.%[Purpose/Significance]The emergency response mechanism of public opinion guidance is a question that deserves attention, and the relationship among the major subjects of emergency science communication is the main reason for the poor guiding effect of the public opinion.This paper, based on the perspective of multi-subject participation, studies the emergency popular science mechanism facing the public opinion guidance of public emergencies, and explores the effective way to build the mechanism of emergency response.[Method/Process]Firstly, the thesis defines the concept and analyzes the research status.Then it discusses the demand for building the emergency popular science mechanism facing the public opinion guidance of public emergencies.Lastly, it presents the path selection of the construction of emergency popular science mechanism facing the public opinion guidance of public emergencies.[Result/Conclusion]This paper proposes that the emergency popular science mechanism facing the public opinion guidance of public emergencies is "a multi-subject of public opinion mechanism for emergency science under unitary power structure" constituted by the media organizations, science information providers, and science popularization managers.As for the path construction of the emergency science popularization mechanism to guide emergency public opinion, giving full play of the main role of the government and its functional organizations of the emergency science management, encouraging the scientists and science organizations to play a science career principal role, organizations occupying the media resources to play a "popular science media subject" role, and organization of Party propaganda to play "the public opinion guidance subject" is very important.