基于ZnO纳米片多级结构的柔性染料敏化太阳能电池的制备

摘要

采用水热合成法制备基于钛箔的ZnO纳米片薄膜, 采用化学浴沉积法在ZnO纳米片薄膜表面原位沉积ZnO纳米粒和微球, 制备了ZnO纳米片/纳米粒/微球复合结构薄膜, 并将膜组装成柔性染料敏化太阳能电池.研究了钛箔预处理方式、化学浴沉积工艺对ZnO薄膜和电池性能的影响.采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对钛箔和 ZnO薄膜的物相组成和形貌进行表征, 采用太阳光模拟器和数字源表测试了电池的J-V光电性能曲线, 通过电化学阻抗谱分析了电池内部电子传输情况.研究结果表明: 当钛箔基底采用酸抛光处理, 将所得ZnO纳米片膜用已经预热24 h的0.15 mol/L二水乙酸锌甲醇溶液改性5 h, 所得电池光电性能最好, 其短路电流密度、开路电压、填充因子和光电转化率分别为11.26 mA/cm2, 0.67 V, 0.60和4.51%.%ZnO nanosheets/nanoparticles/microspheres composite photoanodes were synthesized in two steps. ZnO nanosheets photoanodes on Ti foil substrates were first prepared with hydrothermal synthesis method, on which ZnO nanoparticles and microspheres were deposited by using chemical bath deposition method. The corresponding photoanodes were assembled into flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs). Effect of Ti foil substrates pretreatment methods and chemical bath deposition process on the properties of ZnO thin films and devices were mainly studied. Phase composition and morphology of Ti foil substrates and ZnO films were characterized with XRD, SEM and TEM. J-Vcurves of the FDSSCs were tested by solar simulator and Keithley 2400.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was also carried out to analyze the internal electronic transmission. The results show that when the Ti foil sub-strates were treated by using acid polishing, and the ZnO nanosheets were modified for 5 h by immersing in 0.15 mol/L methanol solution of zinc acetate after preheat treatment for 24 h, the FDSSCs displayed optimum per-formance. Its short circuit current density, open circuit voltage, fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency were 11.26 mA/cm2, 0.67 V, 0.60 and 4.51%, respectively.