《达摩流浪者》--杰克·凯鲁亚克的一本献给美国寒山的小说∗

摘要

在基于史料的基础上，从变异学角度论述垮掉派作家杰克·凯鲁亚克的半自传体虚构小说《达摩流浪者》是如何将中国唐朝诗僧寒山的神秘东方形象、《寒山诗》译者美国诗人加里·斯奈德与主人公贾菲·赖德合为一体的。通过文化迁移的作用，作者成功地将主人公赖德变异，塑造为小说中的美国垮掉派反主流文化的英雄偶像，从而使得现实中的斯奈德成为美国寒山的杰出代表，也使得这本小说不仅是作者献给中国寒山的书，也是一本献给美国寒山的书。%This paper is a thorough study of the beat writer Jack Kerouac’s semi-fictional novel The Dharma Bums from the angle of acculturation and historical events.It aims to examine how Han Shan (mysterious hermit poet of the Tang Dynasty),Gary Snyder (American translator of Cold Mountain Po-ems)and Japhy Ryder (main character of The Dharma Bums)are merged into oneness and thus transferred to an American counter-cultural beat hero in the novel.The paper contends that this novel is not only de-voted to the ancient Chinese poet Han Shan,but also to Gary Snyder,an exemplary representative of an American Han Shan.