通过阈限，凤凰涅--过渡礼仪观照下格萨尔与奥德修斯的英雄成长历程

摘要

The heroic growth of Gesar and Odysseus can be regarded as a typical rite of passage according to Gennep’s theory of the rite of passage . Therefore , this article is about to divide the growth of the two heroes into three phases which correspond with Gennep ’s three-stage model , namely , separation (pre-limen ) , transition (limen ) and integration (post -limen ) . In the first stage , the heroes leave home and say goodbye to the past in response to the call of destiny ;in the second stage , to conquer the ethnics and win honor as well as the fortune and love are the symbols of a hero ;Lastly , to return to oneself and gain the social identity help the heroes sublimate their soul and be reborn and eternal .%借助范根内普的过渡礼仪理论，把格萨尔和奥德修斯的成长历程看作是一个特殊的过渡礼仪。其中，离乡、征服和回归分别与过渡礼仪中的分隔（前阈限）、边缘（阈限）和聚合（后阈限）阶段相契合。分隔（前阈限）阶段：英雄响应使命的号召，离开家乡，告别过去；边缘（阈限）阶段：征服他族、赢得荣誉、财富和美人，象征英雄的业绩；聚合（后阈限）阶段：回归自我，获得社会认同，英雄的灵魂得以升华，到达重生和永恒。