粮食流通产业外资控制研究

摘要

Since China’s accession to WTO,foreign capital has begun to enter the field of grain circulation. State-owned enterprises still dominate in the field of food acquisition but their scale of acquisition shows a downward trend. In the food wholesale and retail sectors,foreign capital improves its control mainly through chain operations. There is a sharp rise in the size of importing grain and the import of the key grain products such as soybeans and rice needs to attract attention. The paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of foreign capital control level in China’s grain circulation industry by means of factor analysis. The analysis shows that agricultural and livestock wholesale,food imports and integrated retail in various regions have relatively greater influence on the level of foreign capital control over grain circulation industry. As is shown in the spatial econo-metric analysis,foreign capital control of the grain distribution industry features agglomeration in space and the major areas of agglomeration are main grain-selling areas such as Guangdong,Beijing and Shanghai. Regional spending power is the main factor affecting the distribution of foreign investment.%入世后，外资开始进入我国粮食流通领域。粮食收购领域国有企业仍然占主导，但收购规模有下降趋势；粮食批发零售环节，外资主要通过连锁经营方式提高控制力；粮食进口规模急剧上升，大豆、大米等重点产品的进口需要引起关注。运用因子分析法对我国粮食流通产业外资控制水平进行了综合评价，分析表明各地区农畜产品批发、粮食进口、综合零售对各地区粮食流通产业的外资控制水平影响比较大。空间计量分析表明，外资控制粮食流通产业在空间上存在集聚特征，集聚区域主要在广东、北京、上海等粮食主销区，区域消费能力是影响外资分布的主要因素。