以杨-麦复合模式及小麦单作模式(CK模式)为研究对象,比较了不同模式内小气候因子、小麦产量及品质的差异,并分析影响小麦产量及品质的主要小气候因子.结果表明,杨-麦复合模式内小麦穗长、单穗重、麦粒长、千粒重及产量均显著低于CK模式,但小麦营养成分含量表现不一,其中3 m×10 m杨-麦复合模式内小麦品质要优于CK模式.影响小麦产量性状及产量的主要因子有空气相对湿度、空气温度及土壤含水量,而影响小麦品质的主要因子有光合有效辐射和空气温度；杨-麦复合模式内小气候因子的变幅与杨树密度及其配置方式密切相关.因此,为实现杨树与农作物“双赢”,应采用杨树株、行距为3 m×10m的宽行配置方式进行杨-麦复合种植.%The differences of wheat yield and quality in poplar-wheat agroforestry patterns and wheat monoculture pattern were compared, and the main climatic factors affecting wheat yield and quality were analyzed. The results showed that the ear length, one ear weight, grain length, weight of 1 000 grains and yield of wheat in poplar-wheat agroforestry patterns were significantly lower than these of the control pattern. However, the nutrient content of wheat were different and the wheat quality in 3 m × 10 m poplar-wheat agroforestry pattern was superior to that of the control pattern. The main factors affecting wheat characters and yield were air relative humidity, air temperature and soil moisture, arid those affecting wheat quality were light active radiation and air temperature. The microclimate changes in poplar-wheat agroforestry patterns were closely related to the density and configuration of poplar. Therefore, the wider-row configuration of poplar spacing 3 m x 10 m should be used for poplar-wheat agrofoestry plantation to achieve the poplar and agricultural crops "win-win" situation.
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