黄腐酸钾和黄腐酸锌对夏玉米的增产效果

摘要

Zinc fulvate solution was sprayed at the jointing stage of summer maize , the test set 4 zinc fulvate concentration treatments including 0 mg/L ( clean water, control) , 200 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 1 000 mg/L, the effects of different concentrations on the growth and yield of maize were studied to select the optimum zinc fulvate concentration.The fertilizer was used by spot application at the big trumpet period, the urea of 298.5 kg/hm2 was used as control, the test studied the effects of different ratios (400∶1, 200∶1, 133∶1, 100∶1) of combined application of urea and potassium fulvate on the yield traits and yield of maize to select the optimum ratio of combined application of urea and potassium fulvate.The results showed that spraying zinc fulvate with compatible concentration could enhance the plants growth , significantly improve the yield traits and the seeds yield.Under the conditions of this study, the optimum zinc fulvate concentration was 200 mg/L, with this treatment, the the grain number per spike (543.0 seeds) and the yield (8 636.9 kg/hm2) were highest, the thousand-grain weight was increased significantly, the yield was improved by 8.31%.Combined application of urea and potassium fulvate could increase the grain number per spike, significanly improve the thousand-grain weight and the yield, under the conditions of this study the best ratio of urea and potassium fulvate was 200∶1 , with this treatment the yield traits and the yield were the best, the grain number per spike was 653.0 seeds, the thousand-grain weight was 273.48 g, the yield was 9 075 kg/hm2, and the yield was improved by 19.56%.%在夏玉米拔节期叶面喷施黄腐酸锌溶液，试验设黄腐酸锌施用浓度0（清水， CK ）、200、500和1000 mg/L计4个处理，研究不同施用浓度对夏玉米生长和产量的影响，以筛选黄腐酸锌的适宜施用浓度；在夏玉米大喇叭口期采用穴施的方式进行土壤追肥，以施尿素298.5 kg/hm2为对照，研究在尿素中添加不同比例的黄腐酸钾（尿素与黄腐酸钾的配施比例为400∶1、200∶1、133∶1、100∶1）对玉米产量性状和产量的影响，以筛选黄腐酸钾的最佳添加比例。结果表明：喷施适宜浓度的黄腐酸锌能够明显促进植株生长，显著提高产量性状和籽粒产量，本研究条件下黄腐酸锌的适宜施用浓度为200 mg/L，该浓度处理下穗粒数（543.0粒）和产量（8636.9 kg/hm2）均达到最大，千粒重（296.3 g）明显提高，增产率为8.31％；尿素中添加黄腐酸钾进行追肥能够促进玉米穗粒数增多，极显著地提高千粒重和产量，本研究条件下尿素与黄腐酸钾配施的最佳比例为200∶1 ，该处理下玉米产量性状和产量均最好，穗粒数653.0粒，千粒重273.48 g，产量9075 kg/hm2，增产率为19.56％。