认同的重量--伯林自由思想探究

摘要

Berlin animadverted historical determinism in “Four Essays on Liberty”D.istin-guished two concepts of liberty ,it is pointed out that positive liberty may lead to totalitarianism .The dictatorship of unitary value is negated so that passive liberty is advo-cated along with multiple values that individuals and groups with various values may identify with each other .Admitting their uniqueness helps them to achieve harmoniously in the environ-ment with multiple cultures .%柏林在《自由四论》中批判了历史决定论，区分了两种自由概念，指出了积极自由可能导致的极权主义后果，否定了价值一元主义的独裁，通过主张消极自由，倡导价值多元性，使持不同价值理念的个体或群体通过相互间的认同，彼此承认各自的独特性，从而使存在差异的个体或群体能在多元主义的文化氛围中和谐共处。