针对船舶建造中钢板利用率和零件理料效率低等问题，建立带时间属性的多功能钢板切割作业计划优化模型。该模型综合考虑切割机类型、切割机能力、零件切割时间以及零件在钢板中排放等约束条件，目标是最大化各类型切割机下的钢板利用率。首先，利用启发式算法将所有分段零件进行重组，再采用基于BF（ best-fit）策略的启发式算法对模型进行求解。最后以某船厂的分段钢板切割为例，获得各类型切割机的零件切割周计划任务量，通过设置各类零件集合的子切割能力来获得最优的切割计划。结果表明，在满足生产计划和切割机等约束下，该算法相对于BL（ bottom-lift）、BLF （ bottom-lift fit）和GA（ genetic algorithm）算法能获得更高的钢板利用率和更好的切割计划，具有实用性和有效性。%An optimization model for multifunctional steel plate cutting planning with time attribute was developed to solve the problems of low steel plate utilization and parts distribution efficiency. Taking into account a variety of fac-tors, such as cutting machine type, cutting capacity, parts cutting time, and parts distribution in steel plate, the objective of the model is to maximize steel plate utilization of all kinds of cutting machines. First, a heuristic algo-rithm was used to reset all parts of ship blocks and then a heuristic algorithm based on BF ( best-fit) strategy was presented to solve the model. Finally, we take an example of a ship-block cutting task in a shipyard, and gain weekly cutting assignments of different types of machines. The optimal cutting planning was determined by setting up the optimal sub-cutting capacity for each set of parts. The result shows, compared to some algorithms, such as BL (bottom-lift), BLF (bottom-lift fit) and GA (genetic algorithm), the proposed method satisfying constraints such as production plan and cutting machine type, is practical and effective in terms of obtaining higher steel plate utilization and better cutting planning.
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