段子的编创原则与策略

摘要

Sexuality is one of man’s natures, specifically an indispensable physiological need of human daily life. Just because of this, one of the basic principles of creating comic jokes is that the creators often draw analogy between comic jokes and“sex”. The principle is that the creators make their efforts so tactfully to find the similar or related points in the thing-in-itself and the analogized object that people cannot but feel some folk collective wisdom from the analogy. There are two ways of analogy:one is taking“sex”as the analogized thing, the other is taking life affairs as the analogized body as well as taking“sex”as the thing-in-itself. One strategy of creating comic jokes is to create suspense by capturing, setting up or making misunderstandings or coincidences, and thus an unexpected optimistic atmosphere is constructed and a comical effect is achieved.%性欲是人的本性之一，具体而言指人们日常生活中不可或缺的生理需求。因此，段子的基本编创原则之一是拿“性”作比。其原理是，努力寻找本体与喻体之间的相似点或相关点，使人觉得取喻巧妙，其中不能不使人感到民间的集体智慧。它有以“性”为喻体与以其他生活事象为喻体而以“性”为本体两种情形。段子的编创策略之一是捕捉、设置或者制造误会巧合，造成悬念，从而在出人意料之外营构乐观的氛围，以达到引人发笑的喜剧性效果。