Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Shijiazhuang 050061 China;
Team of Groundwater Resource Evaluation and Protection Shijiazhuang 050061 China;
School of Water Resources and Environment Hebei GEO University Shijiazhuang 050031 China;
Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Sustained Utilization and Development of Water Resources Shijiazhuang 050031 China;
The Songnen Plain; Groundwater; Hydrochemical characteristics; Hydrogeochemical modeling; Formation;