低轨卫星轨道序列反演J2项的精度分析

摘要

为了确定地球动力学形状因子(J2项)以满足其在卫星定轨、武器发射以及天文常数确定等方面的应用,根据卫星所受摄动力的不同,依据3颗重力卫星轨道序列长期变化趋势对其进行估算.分析了卫星轨道高度、数据采样间隔以及所受摄动力等对反演精度的影响,结果表明:重力卫星的轨道越高,反演的地球动力学形状因子精度越好,此外,顾及GOCE卫星在轨的真实受力情况时,反演的精度要低于仅考虑低阶地球重力场摄动的精度.%In order to satisfy the accuracy requirements of the earth dynamical form factor (J2) needed in satellite orbit determination, weapon launch and the calculation of astronomic constants, the value of J2 was estimated from the secular trends of the orbits series of three gravity satellites. The factors such as orbit height, sampling interval and the disturbing forces were studied. The results show that the higher orbit produces the better calculation accuracy. Besides, that all disturbing forces on GOCE orbit considered reduces the calculation accuracy.