以垂直沉积法制备的聚苯乙烯(polystyrene,PS)胶体晶体为模板,钛酸四异丙酯为钛源,通过浸渍-煅烧工艺制备了具有分层次有序结构的大孔TiO2双层膜,并作为光阳极应用于染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSCs).采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪和氮气吸附-脱附分析仪等手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明,有序大孔TiO2薄膜较好地复制了PS模板的三维有序结构,且有较大的比表面积.光电性能测试结果表明,与以纯P25薄膜为光阳极的DSSCs相比,有序大孔TiO2双层膜为光阳极能够明显提高DSSCs的光电转换效率,可从4.16％提高到6.08％.该类型分层次有序结构大孔TiO2双层膜在DSSCs中具有重要的潜在应用价值.%Hierarchical ordered macroporous TiO2 bilayer films were successfully prepared by using 1S colloidal crystal as templates and using tetraisopropyl titanate as titanium source.We use vertical deposition method for fabrication PS colloidal crystal templates.The obtained samples were applied as the photoanode in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) after dipping and calcination procedures.The as-synthesized products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM),X-ray diffractometer (XRD),high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyzer.The results showed that the macroporous TiO2 films replicated well the three-dimensionally ordered structure derived from PS colloidal crystal templates and revealed a relatively large specific surface area.The photoelectric test results indicated that the photovoltaic conversion efficiency was improved from 4.16％ to 6.08％,as compared to a device using a pure P25 TiO2 photoanode.Our results showed that the hierarchically ordered macroporous TiO2 bilayer films photoanode had important and potential applications in DSSCs.
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