用于人工血管的功能聚氨酯的迟发型超敏反应研究

摘要

Dermal sensitization resulting from the raw materials of polyurethanes like diisocyanates has been fre-quently reported,however the study on allergic reactions to polyurethanes themselves was seldom seen.In this study,the delayed hypersensitivity to three polyurethanes for vascular grafts has been investigated according to guinea pig maximization test (ISO 10993-10).Among the three materials,PCUL2 was a polycarbonate ure-thane chain-extended with lysine while PCUL2-PO and PCUL2-PN were comb-like polymers from PCUL2 backbones grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG)diglycidyl ether and PEG bisamine respectively.These mate-rials were highly porous with functional groups intended for conj ugating with bioactive molecules to induce in si-tu endothelialization.The test groups were saline extracts prepared at (70±2)℃for (24±2)h using the maxi-mum extraction concentration (0.1 mg/mL).The saline was used as negative control while the 2,4-dinitrochlo-robenzene in ethanol (1 g/L)was used as positive control.The results showed that the test groups induced mi-nor hypersensitivity (2/12 for PCUL2-PO;1/12 for the others).The negative results of the delayed hypersen-sitivity to the tested polyurethanes suggest that further in vivo studies are worthwhile.%聚氨酯原料如二异氰酸酯的皮肤致敏性已有大量报道,而聚氨酯材料本身的致敏研究的报道却很少。采用豚鼠最大剂量实验(ISO 10993-10)研究了3种用于人工血管的聚氨酯材料的迟发型超敏反应。PCUL2为赖氨酸扩链的聚碳酸酯聚氨酯,PCUL2-PO和PCUL2-PN分别为接枝聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚以及接枝聚乙二醇二胺的梳形聚氨酯。3种材料均为多孔材料,且含有可反应的官能团,便于进一步接枝生物分子以提高血管的原位内皮化。测试组为(70±2)℃浸提(24±2)h 的生理盐水浸提液(0.1 g/mL),生理盐水为阴性对照组,二硝基氯苯为阳性对照组。结果显示,3种受试材料致敏率很低(PCUL2-PO∶2/12；其余1/12)。3种聚氨酯的迟发型超敏反应的结果均为阴性,值得进一步进行体内研究。