纳米线材料及其在电化学储能方面的应用

摘要

It was still a worldwide challenge to improve capacity,cycling stability and rate performance in con-sideration of the intrinsic properties and structure of material.Compared with other nanostructure,nanowire have demonstrated better electrochemical performance in regard of electrochemical energy storage devices such as Li-ion battery,Li-air battery and supercapacitor,since it has unique anisotropy,large specific surface area, facile strain relaxation,fast axial electron transport and radial ion diffusion.Moreover,nanowire have shown the advantages in facile assembly and in-situ characterization of electrochemical energy storage devices.Based on the latest progress in nanowire materials,we mainly summarize the design,assembly and characterization of single nanowire electrochemical energy storage device and the optimization strategy of nanowire materials.In this article,we review the strategy in improving the electrochemical performance of one-dimensional structure. This article lays a foundation for the development and applications of nanowire materials in electrochemical en-ergy storage field.%从材料本征性能和结构的控制入手来提高其容量发挥、循环性能、倍率性能至今仍是亟待解决的一大难题，而纳米线材料因其具有独特的各向异性、大的比表面积、优异的张力适应性、快速的轴向电子传输和径向离子扩散等特性使其在锂离子电池、锂空气电池以及超级电容器储能器件的组装、原位表征等方面相较于其它简单结构纳米材料有着独特优势。结合当前纳米线材料的最新研究进展，主要讨论了单根纳米线电化学储能器件及纳米线材料的优化策略，包括新型纳米线材料的设计构筑、合成以及电化学性能表征。概括了纳米线材料的形貌控制、性能改善以及应用的前景，为其在电化学储能方面的应用奠定基础。