ABSTRACT:Objective To make it clear that the fatty acid composition and relative content of peony testa oil, and compared with the peony seed oil and 4 dry fruits, so it could provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of peony testa oil.Methods The method of soxhlet extraction was applied to the extraction of dry fruits fatty, and then sulfuric acid-methanol was used for the methyl esterification. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) detection combined with peak area normalization was employed to determine the fatty acid composition and relative content.Results Both peony testa oil and peony seed oil contained 5 kinds of fatty acids, including palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid was more than 90%, especially the content of linolenic acid was as high as 51.1% and 44.7%, respectively. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid consisted of the fatty acids of walnut, and linoleic acid was the main component. However, badam, almond and pistachio mainly contained 3 kinds of fatty acids, namely palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, the oleic acid had the highest content, which belonged to monounsaturated fatty acids.Conclusion Peony testa oil contained a large number of polyunsaturated fatty acids, linolenic acid showed evidently high content, which were much higher in peony testa oil compared with the peony seed oil, so the peony testa oil was a kind of high-quality cooking oil with health care.%目的：明确牡丹种皮油的脂肪酸组成及相对含量，并与牡丹籽油和4种常见干果(核桃、巴旦木、杏仁、开心果)的脂肪酸组成进行比较，为牡丹种皮油的开发利用提供科学依据。方法采用索氏抽提法对4种干果中的脂肪进行提取，以硫酸-甲醇法对6种油脂样品甲酯化，采用GC-MS检测结合峰面积归一化法测定脂肪酸的组成及相对含量。结果牡丹种皮油与牡丹籽油中均含有棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸5种脂肪酸，其不饱和脂肪酸比例均超过90%，尤其是亚麻酸的含量分别高达51.1%和44.7%；而核桃中含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸4种脂肪酸，亚油酸是其主要成分；巴旦木、杏仁、开心果中主要含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸3种脂肪酸，以单不饱和脂肪酸油酸含量最高。结论牡丹种皮油中含有大量多不饱和脂肪酸，其中亚麻酸的含量尤其突出，较牡丹籽油含量更高，是一种优质的保健食用油。
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