采用正交实验法,研究了不同光色(白光, A1；蓝光, A2；红光, A3)、光周期(24L︰0D, B1；12L︰12D, B2；8L︰16D, B3)和光强(0.88 W/m2, C1；4.55 W/m2, C2；8.60 W/m2, C3)对循环水养殖系统中体质量(850.97±82.77) g的大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)生长和摄食的影响。实验设A1B1C1(1)、A1B2C2(2)、A1B3C3(3)、A2B1C2(4)、A2B2C3(5)、A2B3C1(6)、A3B1C3(7)、A3B2C1(8)、A3B3C2(9)9个处理组,在相应设定条件下饲养180 d。结果表明,在光色为红光、光周期为12L︰12D和光强8.60 W/m2条件下大西洋鲑的成活率最高,但光色、光周期和光强对成活率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)；实验期间各组鱼的相对增重率和肥满度差异均不显著(P>0.05)；至第120天,2、5、6组鱼的体长特定生长率显著高于1组(P<0.05)；至第180天,1、2、4、7、8组鱼的体质量特定生长率显著高于6组(P<0.05),1、2、3、4、7、8、9组鱼的日增重显著高于6组(P<0.05),9组鱼的体质量变异系数显著低于7组(P<0.05)。9组鱼血浆中生长激素显著高于1、2、3、4、6、7和8组(P<0.05)；摄食率、饲料转化效率和饲料系数最佳时的光照条件为：红光、12L︰12D、8.60 W/m2,但光色、光周期和光强对摄食率、饲料转化效率及饲料系数的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。本实验条件下,较为适宜的光照条件是：红光、12L：12D、8.60 W/m2。%We aimed to explore the effects of different types of light color(i.e., A1, white light;A2, blue light;A3, red light), photoperiod (i.e., B1, 24L︰0D;B2, 12L︰12D;B3, 8L︰16D) and light intensity (i.e., C1, 0.88 W/m2;C2, 4.55 W/m2; C3, 8.60 W/m2) on the growth performance and feeding of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with initial body weights of 850.97±82.77 g for 180 days in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using orthogonal test methods. Nine treatment groups were designed in the present experiment: A1B1C1(group1), A1B2C2(group2), A1B3C3(group3), A3B3C2(Group4), A2B2C3(group5), A2B3C1(group6), A3B1C3(group7), A3B2C1(group8), and A1B1C1(group9). The re-sults showed that the highest survival rate was found in red light, 12L︰12D and 8.60 W/m2 at the end of the trial, and no significant difference was observed in the survival rates of the experimental groups (P>0.05). There were no signifi-cant differences in relative weight gain and condition among the nine groups at each sampling time (P>0.05). At day 120, the specific growth rate of body length for groups 2, 5 and 6 were significantly higher than those of group 1 (P<0.05). At day 180, the specific growth rate of body weight in groups 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8 were significantly higher than those of group 6 (P<0.05), and the daily weight gain of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 showed higher variation than those of group 6 (P<0.05);the coefficient of size variation (SV) in group 9 was lower than in group 7 (P<0.05). Additionally, the plasma growth hormone in group 9 was a higher concentration than that of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 (P<0.05). Better food intake(FI), food conversion efficiency(FCE) and food conversion ratio(FCR) were also observed in red light (12L︰12D) at 8.60 W/m2 at the end of the experiment, while light color, photoperiod and light intensity had no sig-nificant effects on the FI, FCE and FCR between groups(P>0.05). Hence, red light (12L︰12D) at 8.60 W/m2 is consid-ered to be a suitable combination of artificial lighting under the experimental conditions described herein.
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