中间球海胆与马粪海胆杂交家系早期生长比较和亲本配合力估计

摘要

为比较中间球海胆(Strongylocentrotus intermedius)与马粪海胆(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)杂交家系间的生长差异,评估杂交家系亲本在体重上的配合力,构建了种间杂交家系共42个.采用动物模型、约束性最大似然法(REML)和最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP)等方法估计了杂交海胆250、295和340日龄体重的育种值,以及各亲本的一般配合力(GCA)和各亲本组合的特殊配合力(SCA).采用方差分析方法,比较了体重表型值和育种值在杂交家系间的差异.结果表明,3个生长阶段杂交家系间体重的表型值和育种值差异均达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),体重育种值在家系间的差异大于表型值,在50％家系留种率下,育种值选择和表型值选择的家系相同率介于88.89％～94.44％,育种值选择具有0.93％～4.83％的选择效率优势;250、295和340日龄各父本的一般配合力分别介于-0.22～0.33,-0.31～0.41和-0.29～0.31,各母本的一般配合力分别介于-0.24～0.33,-0.31～0.41和-0.28～0.28,各父母本组合的特殊配合力分别介于-0.07～0.09,-0.10～0.13和-0.32～0.32,M5、M6和M17等父本的一般配合力始终较高,F9、F11和F19等母本的一般配合力始终较高,M5F9和M6F 11等杂交组合的特殊配合力始终较高.%To compare the growth differences between Strongylocentrotus intermedius and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus sea urchin hybrid families and evaluate the parents' combining ability in body weight,42 hybrid families were produced.Using the restricted maximum likelihood and best linear unbiased prediction approaches,the breeding value of body weight at 250,295,and 340 days of age,the general combining ability (GCA) of male and female parents and the specific combining ability (SCA) of parental combinations were evaluated.Differences in the phenotypic value and breeding value of body Weight among families were compared using variance analysis.The results showed that both the phenotypic and breeding values of body weight significantly differed among families (P＜0.01).The breeding value of body weight showed a greater variation among families than the phenotypic value.When the proportion of the selected families was 50％,88.89％-94.44％ of the selected families were identical between the phenotypic and breeding value selection methods,and the breeding value selection method had a 0.93％-4.83％ better selection efficiency.At the ages of 250,295,and 340 days,the calculated GCAs of the male parents were-0.22-0.33,-0.31-0.41,and-0.29-0.31 whereas those of the female parents were-0.24-0.33,-0.31-0.41,and-0.28-0.28,respectively.The calculated SCAs of the parental combinations were-0.07-0.09,-0.10-0.13,and-0.32-0.32.At the ages of 250,295,and 340 days,the male parents M5,M6,and M17 and the female parents F9,F 11,and F 19 always had higher GCAs than the other parents.The parental combinations M5F9 and M6F 11 always had higher SCAs than the other combinations.The results provide a reference point for progeny testing and family selection in S.intermedius and H.pulcherrimus hybrid families.