Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a kind of non-hematopoietic adult stem cells with highly self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. Because MSC can be easily obtained and expanded in large amount in vitro, they have become a hot field of stem cell research in recent years. MSC as a seed carrier of cells and gene therapy have been widely used in cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory diseases, wound healing and other aspects in clinic. But some biological characteristics and the molecular control mechanisms of MSC are not very clear and need further explorations. The MSC isolated and cultured in vitro are a type of multi potent differentiation cells, which differentiation potential in vivo has still uncertained, the effectiveness and safety such as gene mutations and canceration in vivo remains to be explored. Deepgoing studys on homing characteristics, mechanisms and influence factors of MSC also contribute to the clinical application, and the studys on the MSC differentiation fate in microenvironment in vivo would be better for clinical application. So how stably and efficiently label MSC in vitro is the key problem to monitoring the survival, migration, distribution, proliferation and differentiation of MSC in vivo. This review summarizes the current progress of study on the new labeling methods in vitro of MSC, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different in vitro labeling methods and application of appropriate conditions.%间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSC)是一种具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的非造血成体干细胞,由于其取材方便、体外能大量扩增,近年成为干细胞领域的研究热点.MSC作为细胞治疗和基因治疗的种子载体细胞,已经广泛应用于心血管系统、神经系统、呼吸系统和创伤修复等方面的基础研究,部分成果已用于临床.但是关于MSC的许多生物学特性及分子调控机制尚不十分清楚,其研究和应用尚处于初级阶段,有待于进一步探索.经体外分离、培养的MSC是一类具有多向分化能力的细胞,对于其体内横向分化潜能还不确定.是否存在基因突变、植入机体后是否有癌变的可能,其有效性和安全性等问题仍有待进一步观察.深入研究其归巢特点、机制及其影响因素也有助于MSC的临床应用研究,也只有研究清楚MSC在体内特异微环境下的分化命运,MSC才可能更好地应用于临床.因此,体外如何稳定高效标记MSC,从而对其在体内的存活、迁移、分布及增殖、分化进行监测是亟待解决的关键问题.本文综述目前国内外关于MSC体外标记方法的最新研究成果,探讨不同体外标记方法的优缺点及其应用的适宜条件.
展开▼
