大型风电机组主动减振电气控制方法综述

摘要

In order to mitigate vibration,extend life and improve operational stability,the active vibration reduction electrical control methods of large variable speed variable pitch wind turbine are of important significance.Based on vibration modal analysis of wind turbine,the active vibra-tion reduction control methods were reviewed around three main components:blades,tower and drive train in this paper.The application of individual variable pitch control and damping control was presented in details.The research shows that individual variable pitch control can effectively alleviate the unbalanced load and improve blades vibration problems.For tower and drive train, additional electrical damping signal was obtained by variable pitch control and torque control, which can increase equivalent damping and reduce vibration for tower and drive train.Finally,the following problems are worth to have a further study.The overall optimization and coordination of wind turbine should be considered when designing vibration reduction control methods,combi-ning individual variable pitch control and damping control,and considering the vibration reduc-tion balance among blades,tower and drive train.%为了延缓风力机振动、延长机组寿命和提高运行稳定性，设计电气控制系统实现大型变速变桨风电机组的主动减振具有重要的现实意义。在风力机振动模态分析的基础上，围绕风轮叶片、塔架和传动链这3种主要零部件的主动减振控制方法展开综述，并详细分析独立变桨距控制和阻尼控制在风力机减振控制中的应用。研究结果表明：独立变桨距控制可有效缓解风轮不平衡载荷、改善叶片振动问题；阻尼控制通过变桨距控制和转矩控制提供附加电气阻尼信号，可增大塔架和传动链的等效阻尼，从而达到减小振动的目的。由于风力机振动模态之间的耦合关系，设计减振控制方法时需考虑风电机组整体的优化协调问题，结合独立变桨距控制和阻尼控制，兼顾叶片、塔架和传动链的协调减振，是值得进一步研究的问题。