施用畜禽粪便有机肥土壤抗生素抗性基因污染状况

摘要

In order to investigate distribution of antibiotics resistant genes ( ARGs) in farmland soil amended with organic manure, soil samples from greenhouses and fields in nine vegetable production bases in the suburbs of Beijing were collect⁃ed for analysis of antibiotics resistant bacteria and 18 types of ARGs. The analysis shows that the soil samples from green⁃houses were higher than those from fields in proportion of tetracycline resistant bacteria to total bacteria in count ( P<0�05) , and little difference was found between the two groups of soil samples in proportion of ampicillin, sulfa methox⁃azole and ciprofloxacin resistant bacteria to total bacteria in count. Sulfanilamide resistant genes ( sulⅠand sul2) and tet⁃racycline resistance genes ( tetL) were detected in all the soil samples, whereas tetracycline resistant genes ( tetA, tetA/P and tetC) , erythromycin resistant genes ( ermB) , and I integron ( intⅠ1) were detected with a higher detectable rate in greenhouse soil than in field soil, which may be associated with more organic manure applied to the former than to the latter.%为研究施用畜禽粪便有机肥农田土壤中抗生素抗性基因的分布状况，采集北京地区9个长期施用有机肥蔬菜基地的温室和大田土壤，对土壤中的抗生素耐药菌和18种抗性基因进行检测分析。结果表明，温室土壤中四环素耐药菌占总菌数的比例显著高于大田土壤（ P＜0�05），但温室土壤中氨苄西林、磺胺甲恶唑和环丙沙星耐药菌占总菌数的比例均与大田土壤无显著性差异（ P＞0�05）。大田土壤和温室土壤中磺胺类抗性基因sulⅠ、sul2和四环素类抗性基因tetL的检出率均为100％。其他抗性基因，如四环素抗性基因tetA、tetA／P、tetC，红霉素抗性基因ermB，以及Ⅰ类整合子（ intⅠ1），温室土壤的检出率均高于大田土壤，这可能与温室土壤有机肥施用量较大有关。