针对雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区黑颈鹤生境适宜性的制约因素及其面临的主要威胁,利用生境适宜性指数、保护比例和保护效率指数等对雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区日喀则片区黑颈鹤生境适宜性及保护现况进行评价并分析其变化.结果表明,1994、2005和2015年黑颈鹤适宜生境与次适宜生境面积总和占比依次为31.05%、32.00%和41.00%,黑颈鹤可生存空间逐渐增长;对比1994和2015年保护比例和保护效率指数发现,适宜觅食生境和夜栖生境分布趋向核心区和缓冲区,次适宜觅食生境同样向核心区移动,保护区规划对适宜觅食生境和夜栖生境保护的合理性降低,对次适宜觅食生境的合理性升高,从外延区对各生境的保护比例来看,保护区周边仍存在大量黑颈鹤可利用生境没有纳入保护范围.%Aiming at the restraining factors of and the main threats to suitability of the black-necked crane habitats in the Black-necked Cranes National Nature Reserve in the valley of the mid-stream of the Yarlung Zangbo River, based on the indices,such as habitat suitability,conservation ratio,conservation efficiency and so on,suitability and conservation sta-tus of the black-necked crane habitats at their third stage in Shigatse,the Black-necked Cranes National Nature Reserve in the valley of the midstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River was analyzed and evaluated. Results show that the sum in area of the habitats suitable and near-suitable to black-necked cranes accounted for 31.05%,32.00% and 41.00% of the total of the reserve,respectively,in 1994,2005 and 2015,indicating that their living space was increasing steadily.The compari-son between 1994 and 2015 in conversation ratio and conservation efficiency shows that the distribution of habitats suitable for foraging and night-roosting tended to get flocked towards the core area and so did the habitats near-suitable for foraging. Moreover,the programming of the reserve for conservation of habitats suitable for foraging and night-roosting decreased in rationality,while that for conservation of habitats near-suitable to foraging increased. In view of the ratios of various habi-tats under protection in the epitaxial areas, there seem to be vast tracts of habitats available to black-necked cranes, which,however,have not yet been included in the scope for protection.
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