对于火星探测巡航段的自主导航问题，提出了一种基于太阳及行星观测的自主导航方法。在巡航段初期及后期，根据探测器在太阳系中的位置关系，分别选择太阳、地球及太阳、火星作为观测目标，采用星载太阳敏感器和光学相机测量导航天体实现矢量，建立观测方程。利用非线性扩展卡尔曼滤波，分别建立两种观测方案对应的导航算法。仿真结果表明巡航段导航定位精度优于100 km，定速精度1 m/s。该方法实现简单，系统资源要求不高，对未来火星探测具有一定的工程参考价值。%For the issue of navigation during the interplanetary cruising,a celestial navigation based on the Sun and Planets observation is proposed. According to the position of a probe in solar system,Sun/Earth and Sun/Mars are selected as targets for navigation observing. Respectively,Sun sensor and optics navigation sensor on the probe are used to measure line of sight. The fundamental of the observation schemes is analyzed and the measurement equations are educed in details. The orbit parameters of the probe are estimated in real time by utilizing extended Kalman filter. Finally,the autonomous navigation methods presented are verified by the data of 2020 Mars mission. Simulation result shows that the estimation accuracy of position and velocity can meet the requirements of the interplanetary cruising phase.
展开▼
