人的“自然性”与自然的“属人性”——马克思、恩格斯人与自然关系探析

摘要

Traditionally, it is believed that Marxism interprets nature as a free existence from human and considers human with social nature, which separates man and nature and is essentially a manifestation of metaphysical materialism of the eighteenth century ideology and the product of industrial civilization. Building an ecological civilization requires a re-interpretation of the relationship between human and nature of Marxism. Human should be interpreted from the perspective of ＂nature＂ , while nature should be interpreted from the per- spective of ＂human＂. A materialistic and dialectical interpretation of the relationship between nature and human provides a new theoretical form for the construction of ecological civilization.%传统马克思主义往往把自然理解为脱离人而存在的自在状态,把人的本质理解为社会性。这样就把人与自然分割开来,这种理解实质上是18世纪形而上学唯物主义思想的表现形式,也是工业文明的产物。建设生态文明必须对马克思主义人与自然关系进行重新诠释。马克思、恩格斯从＂自然＂的角度出发去把握人,从＂人＂的角度出发去把握自然,既唯物、又辩证地阐述人与自然的真实关系,为生态文明建设提供了新的理论形态。