信息结构中对比范畴的语义特征

摘要

“对比”作为信息结构中的一个基本范畴，其自身包含了多种语义特征，如凸显焦点信息、暗示背景信息等。通过大量例证以及会话结构中Robort的“会话结构”、Büring的“话语树”两个理论可以归纳出对比范畴的基本语义特征：凸显焦点信息、暗示背景信息、对问题的部分回答。%"Comparison" is a basic category in information structures,demanstrating many semantic features itself,like revealing focus information,implying background information,etc. Taking Robort's"discourse struc-ture" and Büring's "discourse tree" as theoretical basis and many examples into account,the author conludes the basic semantic features of comparison,namely,revealing focus information,implying background informa-tion,and partial answer to questions.