血鹦鹉家系的体型性状判别分析及遗传差异分析

摘要

为揭示不同体型血鹦鹉家系 (Vieja synspila Hubbs♀×Amphilophus citrinellus Gunther♂) 的种质差异,对不同血鹦鹉家系开展体型性状判别分析及遗传差异分析.采用SPSS 21.0软件对血鹦鹉家系进行判别分析并建立判别函数,利用6对微卫星标记检测血鹦鹉家系的遗传多样性,通过广义线性模型 (GLM) 筛选与经济性状显著相关的标记,利用Duncan's多重比较分析不同基因型之间的差异.结果表明:利用判别分析法建立的判别函数较为成功,判别准确率为95%; 6个微卫星标记均能在2个血鹦鹉家系中扩增出清晰稳定的条带,扩增片段大小为174~416 bp;各个位点的有效等位基因数 (Ne) 为1.032~3.908,期望杂合度 (He) 为0.031~0.756,观测杂合度 (Ho) 为0.031~0.969,多态信息含量 (PIC) 为0.030~0.696, YT家系的遗传多样性水平高于JT家系;分子标记Vsac05与体长/体高和全长/体高显著相关 (P<0.05);多重比较结果表明,该标记的AC、AD、BC基因型只在YT家系中出现,等位基因C (375 bp) 是YT家系特有的基因.研究表明,分子标记Vsac05可用于血鹦鹉分子育种,以提高血鹦鹉鱼的优级率.%Discriminant and genetic difference analysis were performed in order to reveal the germplasm differences of different blood parrot families(Vieja synspila Hubbs♀×Amphilophus citrinellus Gunther♂) and to provide scien-tific reference with molecular breeding. The genetic diversity of the parrot family was detected by six pairs of micro-satellite markers.The molecular markers related to economic traits were screened by the GLM model and the geno-types of the captured correlative loci were determined by Duncan's test using SPSS 21.0. Discriminant analysis of two families was performed by SPSS 21.0. The results showed that the discriminant analysis method was very suc-cessful to discriminate the two family blood parrot fish, with discriminant accuracy rate of 95%. Six microsatellite loci were able to amplify clear and stable bands in two blood parrot fish families,with amplified fragment of 174 bp to 416 bp. The effective alleles(Ne)were ranged from 1.032 to 3.908,the expected heterozygosity(He) from 0.031 to 0.756,observed heterozygosity (Ho) from 0.031 to 0.969, and polymorphism information content (PIC) from 0.030 to 0.696,indicating there was higher genetic diversity in family YT with complete decoloration and lower low head rate than that in family JT with complete decoloration and high low head rate. The Vsac05 was significantly correlated with body length/ body height and total length/ body height(P<0.05). Duncan's test revealed that AC, AD and BC genotypes were observed only in family YT,and that the allele C(375 bp) was a unique gene in family YT. The findings indicate that the microsatellite Vsac05 can be used for molecular breeding of blood parrot fish to improve the excellent rate of blood parrot fish.