胶体金免疫层析法测定牛奶中β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺残留

摘要

应用胶体金免疫层析法对牛奶中的β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺残留进行检测,考察该法的灵敏度、假阳性率、假阴性率、特异性及准确性。结果表明：用胶体金免疫层析法测定牛奶中的β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺,检测限分别为青霉素G 2μg/L、氨苄青霉素3μg/L、阿莫西林4μg/L、苯唑青霉素6μg/L、邻氯青霉素6μg/L、双氯青霉素6μg/L、萘夫西林20μg/L、头孢喹肟20μg/L、头孢哌酮40μg/L、头孢曲松50μg/L、头孢噻呋90μg/L、头孢洛宁10μg/L、三聚氰胺50μg/L,假阳性率不大于5%,假阴性率为0;方法特异性较好,与牛奶中常见的其他抗生素无交叉反应;结果准确可靠,对实际样本的检测结果与液相色谱-质谱/质谱法基本一致。该方法简便、快速、准确、稳定,可作为牛奶中β-内酰胺类抗生素和三聚氰胺残留现场快速检测的一种有效手段。%A colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay（GICA） was used to detect the residues of β-lactam antibiotics and melamine in milk.The sensitivity,false positive rate（FPR）,false negative rate（FNR） and specificity of the method were studied.The results showed that the detection limit of the method was 2 μg/L for penicillin G,3 μg/L for ampicillin,4 μg/L for amoxicillin,6 μg/L for oxacillin,6 μg/L for cloxacillin,6 μg/L for dicloxacillin,20 μg/L for nafcillin,20 μg/L for cefquinome,40 μg/L for cefoperazone,50 μg/L for ceftriaxone,90 μg/L for ceftiofur,10 μg/L for cefalonium,and 50 μg/L for melamine.The FPR was less than 5%,and FNR was 0.The specificity was good and there was no cross-reactivity with any other antibiotics in milk.The results of GICA and liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS） were basically consistent.This method is simple,rapid,accurate and stable,and suitable for the on-site rapid detection of β-lactam antibiotics and melamine residues in milk.