天水市农村女性自杀未遂者危险因素研究

摘要

目的:探讨甘肃天水市农村自杀未遂女性的自杀危险因素. 方法:对天水市3个县区23个乡镇自杀未遂报告系统2007年6月至2009年1月报告的年龄≥14岁的自杀未遂女性150人(自杀未遂组)及由同一报告者提供的近1年内无自杀行为、年龄、居住地相匹配的正常女性150人(正常对照组)分别采用自编《伤害幸存者研究问卷》和《正常对照者研究问卷》进行自由访谈及问卷调查;分析自杀行为的危险因素. 结果:自杀未遂组在文盲、人均年收入低、现患精神障碍、有人格障碍、对自杀接受性高、自杀意念强、既往有自杀未遂史、近1个月有过失眠、近1个月因心理问题难以工作、近1年有生活事件、急/慢性应激高、生命质量低、冲动性及攻击性高、家庭亲密性及家庭适应性低、社会支持差的发生率上明显高于正常对照组(x2=5.051~71.082,P<0.05或P<0.001);自杀行为特征为冲动性、服农药、家庭纠纷或为解脱痛苦.Logistic回归分析显示年龄<40岁、文盲、现患精神障碍、对自杀接受性高、近1月因心理问题难以工作、近1年有生活事件、急性应激高、攻击性高、家庭亲密性低进入方程. 结论:服药是天水市农村女性最常见的自杀方式;年龄<40岁、文盲、现患精神障碍、对自杀接受性高、近1月因心理问题难以工作、近1年有生活事件、急性应激高、攻击性高、家庭亲密性低是天水农村女性自杀行为的危险因素.%Objective:To explore the general characteristics and related risk fecfors of female suicide attempts in rural areas of Tianshui.Method:The unstructured interview and survivors as well as normal control research questionnaire were administered to 150 suicide attempt women(suicide attempt group) aged ≥14 years from 23 township suicide attempt reporting system in June 2007 to January 2009 in Tianshui County and 150 age, residency-matched normal women(normal control group).Results:Suicide attempt group involved more illiteracy, mental disorders and personality disorders and lower annual income;presented higher acceptance of suicide and suicide ideation,more suicide attempts;showed more insomnia and work difficulty duo to psychological problem recently a month,more life events recently 1 year,more acute stress and chronic stress,higher impulsivity and aggression,lower family intimacy and social support than normal control woman(x2=5.051-71.082;P<0.05 or P<0.001).Suicide behaviors were impulsive and conducted by ingesting pesticide.The suicide reason was family disputes;the purpose was to release the pains.Logistic regression analysis result indicated that aged <40 years,illiteracy, mental disorders,high suicide acceptance,work difficulty duo to psychological problem recently a month,life events recently 1 year,acute stress, aggression,low family closeness were the risk factors for attempted suicide.Conclusion:Ingesting pesticide is the main suicide behavior among Tianshui rural women.Aged <40 years,illiteracy,mental disorders, high suicide acceptance, work difficulty duo to psychological problem recently a month,life events recently 1 year,acute stress,aggression,low family closeness are the risk factors for attempted suicide.