目的 许多药物具有神经毒性,尤其是对于儿童的影响更大.目前常用的药物体内毒性实验既耗时又昂贵.人胚胎干细胞和人羊水干细胞的神经分化有望建立一种理想的用于评价药物神经毒性的体外评估系统.此项研究旨在利用红藻氨酸的神经毒性验证此系统的可行性.方法 单层贴壁状态下,人胚胎干细胞和人羊水干细胞在化学成分明确的诱导条件下向神经细胞诱导.这些细胞经神经细胞特异性的抗体染色证实其特性.诱导得到的神经细胞在不同浓度红藻氨酸的培养液中进行培养和扩增,每代细胞进行计数,绘制细胞的生长曲线.结果 人胚胎干细胞和人羊水干细胞均可被高效地诱导为神经细胞;人胚胎干细胞的神经诱导效率高于人羊水干细胞;红藻氨酸对诱导得到的神经细胞具有毒性,其浓度与毒性呈正相关.结论 人胚胎干细胞和人羊水干细胞的体外神经分化可作为用于评价药物神经毒性的体外评估系统.%Objective A lot of drugs have side effects on the central nerves system. Especially in children. In vivo neurotoxicity tests are time-consuming and expensive. The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells provides all ideal in vitro system that Can be applied to evaluate neurotoxicity of drugs. This study was to try to establish such a system. The kainie acid was selected to test the neurotoxicity. Methods The human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were indueed to differentiate into neural cells by a chemically defined neural induction medium. The induced neural cells were propagated in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor. Immunocytochemical staining Was applied to confirm these cells' neural identity. The induced cells were propagated under different concentration of kainic acid, then the gosh curve were made based on the cell numbers. Results Both of the human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells could be efficiently induced to be differentiated into neural cells. The neural differentiation efficiency of human embryonic stem cells is higher than that of human amniotic fluid stem cells. The kainic acid has neurotoxieity to the indueed neural cells. Conclusions The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were proved to provide a rapid and convenient approach for estimating the neurotoxlcity of drugs.
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