脑白质损伤可导致髓鞘损害和神经纤维不能髓鞘化,是脑瘫、智力和视听障碍的主要原因.目前,促进神经再生的内在修复潜能正趋向于成为治疗脑白质损伤的重要策略.近来发现一种新的P2Y受体--GPR17可能调控脑白质损伤后的内在修复潜能.文章将就脑白质的解剖特点、少突胶质细胞的生物学特性及GPR17在脑白质损伤后内在修复中的作用进行综述.%Apnea of prematurity (AOP) , commonly affecting premature infants, is one of the main clinical problems in neonatal intensive care unit. The mechanism of AOP pathogenesis is not clear, with speculation currently focuses on prematurity of respiratory center in preterm infants. Other important factors include altered ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, overinhibition of pulmonary stretch reflex and hypersensitivity to inhibitory neu-rotransmitters. In addition, neonatal diseases may play an additive role in increasing the incidence of apnea. Standard clinical management of AOP includes prone positioning, continuous positive or nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation and methylxanthine therapy. Other therapies, including sensory stimulations, red blood cell transfusions, and C02 inhalation require further study. This review focuses on the insights into the pathogenesis basis for AOP, and the mechanisms underlying for its therapies.
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