目的：了解34周以下早产适于胎龄儿（AGA）和小于胎龄儿（SGA）生后蛋白质、能量摄入量以及体质量z评分的变化情况。方法回顾收集2012年1月至2014年12月入院的314例早产儿，比较268例AGA和46例SGA早产儿生后2周内蛋白质、能量摄入情况和体质量变化。结果 SGA组住院时间、肠外联合肠内营养时间、全肠内营养时间、达足量喂养时间均较AGA早产儿长，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；SGA组生后第4、8、12天能量摄入量明显低于AGA组， SGA组生后第6、8天总蛋白质摄入量明显低于AGA组，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；SGA组日平均体质量增长量大于AGA组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；AGA组与SGA组生后2周内体质量z评分均逐渐远离中位水平，且SGA组2周时体质量z评分低于AGA组（P < 0.05）。结论胎龄 < 34周的SGA早产儿恢复出生体质量后的生长速率快于AGA早产儿，存在一定的追赶生长；但SGA、AGA早产儿的生长均有待提高。%Objective To investigate the changes of protein and energy intakes and the z-score of weight for age in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks. Methods The data from 314 hospitalized premature infants ( 268 cases of AGA and 46 cases of SGA) during January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively collected. The intakes of protein and energy and the changes of weight within 2 weeks after birth were compared. Results Compared with AGA group, the hospital stays, durations of parenteral and enteral nutrition and total enteral nutrition, and time to achieve full dose feeding were signiifcantly longer in SGA group (P < 0 . 05 ). The energy intakes on day 4 , 8 , and 12 after birth in SGA group was obviously lower than in AGA group;the protein intakes on day 6 and 8 in SGA group was also obviously lower than in AGA group (P < 0 . 05 ). The daily average weight gain was signiifcantly higher in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0 . 05 ). The z-score of weight for age was gradually away from the median level in both AGA group and SGA group within 2 weeks after birth. Moreover, the z-score of weight for age at 2 weeks was lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0 . 05 ). Conclusions The growth velocity in SGA premature infants was faster than that in AGA premature infants with gestation age lower than 34 weeks after recovery of birth weight. There was catch-up growth to some extent. However, the growth of SGA and AGA premature infants need to be improved.
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