不同激励频率下空气弹簧幅变特性研究

摘要

为验证所建立TPL-ASN空气弹簧模型的准确性,并研究激励幅值对空气弹簧动态特性的影响规律.采用基于TPL-ASN模型的自编空气弹簧动态特性仿真软件(ASDS),建立某高速动车组空气弹簧试验台模型,分析不同激励幅值下空气弹簧的动态特性,并将仿真计算的动刚度、阻尼比、阻尼和传递比与试验结果对比.结果表明,TPL-ASN空气弹簧模型能准确反映空气弹簧的非线性幅变特性;在中低频范围内,空气弹簧动刚度、阻尼比和阻尼的幅变特性较为明显,而在低频范围内激励幅值对空气弹簧动态特性基本没有影响;传递比的幅变特性在共振频率附近尤为明显,在中高频范围内较为复杂,在低频范围内影响较小.%In order to validate the accuracy of the established TPL-ASN air spring model and study the impact of excitation amplitudes on the dynamic behaviour of air springs,a test bench model of an air spring used for the high-speed EMU was set up using the selbdesigned air spring dynamics characteristics simulation software (ASDS for short) which is based on the proposed TPL-ASN air spring model,to simulate the dynamic charac teristics of the air spring under different excitation amplitudes.The dynamic stiffness,damping ratio,damping coefficient and transfer ratio of the simulation were compared with the experimental results.The results show that the proposed TPL-ASN air spring model can accurately simulate the real non-linear amplitude-dependent characteristics of air springs.In the low-and medium-frequency range,the amplitude-dependent characteristics of dynamic stiffness,damping ratio and damping coefficient are obvious,while in the low-frequency range,the excitation amplitude poses litte impact on the dynamic characteristics of the air spring.The amplitude-dependent characteristics of transfer ratio are especially apparent close to the resonant frequency and are more complicated in the medium-frequency and high-frequency ranges,but have less influence on the transfer ratio in the low frequency range.