本文从仪式的角度对莱斯特城夺冠庆典和沙佩科恩空难悼念进行分析.以涂尔干的表现仪式和禳解仪式分别解构庆典和悼念过程,揭示两个仪式过程的社会性和神圣性本质.两个仪式是由符号组成的象征性系统,符号组合形成的"合一的表意单元"体现了双轴关系,文本与伴随文本的结合体饱含着俱乐部社会文化的各种讯息,拥有同一文本身份的足球人群共享统一的"文化代码",关于俱乐部的共时性事件和历时性集体记忆在无限衍义的作用下不断扩展着意指关系网络的内容.夺冠庆典和空难悼念仪式复盘了传统仪式形式、内容、功能和精神的特点,具有集体意识与认同的心理回溯及重构功能.在现代社会背景下,体育的各种庆典和悼念仪式呈现了世俗化发展,对相关仪式学的进一步研究将有助于认识体育本质和发挥体育社会功能.%This article analyses the champion ceremony of Leicester City Football Club and the mourning ceremony of Chapecoense Football Club from ritual theory. The article explains the sacred and social nature of the two rituals from misfortune avoidance and performance ceremony. Meanwhile, semiotic analysis shows that the two rituals are symbol systems. Symbols are combined into a comprehensive meaning unit to reflect the biaxial relations. Text and co-text contain a variety of social culture information and people with same text-identity share one cultural code. Synchronic happenings and diachronic collective memories extend the content of meaning web with the help of infinite semioses. The two ceremonies reestablish the attributes of traditional rituals in form, content, function and spirit and have good collective identity impact on community members'ideology construc-tion. The research is conducive to the analysis of sports and its social function.
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