一种测量船水平反射镜的水平方向定位方法

摘要

In order to use the horizontal mirror to position the horizontal plane of ships measurement, the position of the horizontal plane of the hull was determined by the leveling instrument method instead of mercury disc method, the human body injury from mercury was eliminated. The leveling instrument method on the basis of the horizontal plane is determined by the electronic leveling instrument. The tooling reflection mirror position is determined by the level meter using the reflection and 0.2" autocollimation parallel imaging principle of the parallel light tube;the optical axis direction of parallel light tube is determined as 0.2" and finally the horizontal position of the mirror is determined. On the basis of the working principle of the leveling instrument, the calibration error method is given and the error is not greater than 10";the detection scheme of the deviation from the horizontal plane to the horizontal reflector is described, and the detection result is given;the facters of the impact detection result is analyzed;the error of horizontal mirror deviat-ing from the horizonal plane is not more than 0.94", the positioning error is less than 0.4".The results show that the method of using the leveling instrument to determined the hull water level have the advantages of simple structure and high positioning accuracy;and will be promoted widely in the engineering.%　　为了用水平反射镜定位舰船等测量设备的水平面，用水平仪法代替水银盘法确定船体水平面的位置，消除了水银对人体的伤害。水平仪法以电子水平仪为水平面确定的基础，通过水平仪确定工装反射镜位置，利用其反射和0.2″自准直平行光管的自准直成像原理，确定0.2″自准直平行光管光轴的方向，最后确定水平反射镜的水平位置。在介绍了水平仪法工作原理的基础上，给出了误差标定方法及误差不大于10″的要求；介绍了水平反射镜偏离水平面的检测方案，给出了检测结果，分析了影响检测结果的因素，水平反射镜偏离水平面的误差不大于0.94″，定位误差不大于0.4″。结果表明，水平仪法确定船体水平面的方法具有结构简单、定位精度高等优点，有望在工程中推广使用。