State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body;
Hunan University;
Hunan 410082;
China;
School of Mechanical Engineerings Hunan University of Science and Technology;
Xiangtan 411201;
China;
Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co.;
Ltd;
Shanghai 201201;
China;
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety Technology;
Geely Automobile Research Institute;
Ningbo 315336;
China;
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine;
Shanghai Forensic Service Platform;
Academy of Forensic Science;
Ministry of Justice;
Shanghai 200063;
China;
lower limb; injury biomechanics; human body modeling; pedestrian safety; finite element analysis;