School and Hospital of Stomatology;
Lanzhou University;
Lanzhou 730000;
China;
Central Laboratory;
Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology;
Beijing 100081;
China;
Institute of Microelectronics;
Peking University;
Beijing 100871;
China;
hierarchical micron/nano design; cell-like patterns; nanotube arrays; titanium implants; implant osseointegration;