[Objective] The aim was to study the climate changes characteristics in the hilly region of the loess plateau and its influence on agricultural production. [ Method ] Taking Yan' an City as an example, and by dint of temperature and precipitation in nine meteorological stations from 1957 to 2007 and accumulated anomaly curve, linear regression and relevant analysis, the climate changes characteristics in 51 years in Yan' an were expounded. The climate changes in the hilly region of the loess plateau were studied and its influences on agricultural production were concluded. [ Result] The characteristics of climate changes in the hilly region were as follow; high temperature in winter and warm winter trend was clearly; the temperature in spring enhanced fast and the drought disaster was increasing worse; rainy days occurred now and then in autumn. The climate changes had different levels of influences on agricultural production in Yan' an City. Because of rising temperature in winter, facility agriculture was vigorously developed and the apple range expanded; in the meantime, because of rising temperature in spring, drought was worsen and sowing in spring can not proceed; constant rain in autumn damaged the quality of date. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the regional agricultural production and agricultural structure adjustment.%[目的]研究黄土高原丘陵沟壑地区51年气候变化特点及其对农业生产的影响.[方法]以延安市为例,利用1957～2007年延安市9个气象站温度、降水的气象资料,采用累积距平曲线、线性回归和相关性分析等方法,对延安市51年气候变化特征进行分析,探讨黄土高原丘陵沟壑地区的气候变化,并总结气候变化对农业生产的影响.[结果]黄土高原丘陵沟壑地区的气候变化特点是冬季升温高,暖冬趋势明显；春季回暖迅速,干旱不断加剧；秋季连阴雨发生频繁.气候变化对延安市的农业产生不同的影响,由于冬季气温升高,使设施农业得到了大力发展,苹果北移范围不断扩大；同时,由于春季气温回升迅速,干旱发生程度加剧,春播不能顺利进行；秋季连阴雨频繁发生,红枣品质受到严重影响.[结论]该研究为地方农业生产和农业结构调整提供理论依据.
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