柴河流域典型区域大气降尘量年内变化特征研究

摘要

[目的]研究柴河流域大气降尘总量和可燃物总量随时间的年内变化规律.[方法]以滇池南部柴河小流域为研究区域,选择该流域居民点、化工区、砂石生产区、水源地4种典型区域测定大气降尘量和降尘可燃物量,探讨该流域大气降尘污染状况及其年内变化规律.[结果]居民点、化工区、砂石生产区及水源地4个区域中,砂石生产区降尘量(降尘可燃物量)最高,水源地最低,而化工区和居民点降尘量低于砂石生产区,高于水源地;在所选取的4个区域中,一年降尘量(降尘可燃物量)最高值出现在旱季,最低值出现在雨季,其他月份降尘量(降尘可燃物量)也有变化,但变化幅度不大,说明气象条件对降尘含量影响较大;相关性分析表明,砂石生产区降尘量与降尘可燃物量呈极显著相关,水源地降尘量与降尘可燃物量呈显著相关,居民点和化工区降尘量与降尘可燃物量均呈正相关.[结论]该研究为柴河流域大气污染状况提供科学依据%[ Objective ] The aim was to study the interannual changes of atmospheric dust deposition and quantity of combustible dust-fall in Chaihe basin. [Method]Taking Chaihe Basin in south Dianchi as study area, the atmospheric dust deposition and combustible substances in the residential, chemical area, sand production area and watershed in Chaihe basin were measured. The pollution and interannual changes of atmospheric dust in Chaihe basin were discussed. [Result] In the residential, chemical area, sand production area and watershed, the amount of sand was the highest in sand production area and lowest in the watershed. While the dust amount in the chemical area and watershed areas were lower than sandy production area and higher than watershed area. In the four chosen areas, the highest value of dust appeared in autumn and the lowest value appeared in precipitation season. Sand in other months changed and the change scale was large, which indicated that the meteorological condition had large influences on dust. Relevance analysis indicated that the dust in sand production area showed positive relevance to flammable amount of dust. Dust and flammable amount had positive relevance. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the atmospheric pollution situation in Chaihe Basin.