资源环境约束下的农业可持续发展问题研究——以新疆为例

摘要

立足于新疆自然资源特点,探讨新疆农业发展现状和可持续发展过程中存在的问题,如农业产业结构单一,区域发展不平衡；生产格局分散、小规模化比较明显；农业用水效率较低,开发利用不合理.然后,针对制约农业可持续发展的主要资源环境因素,提出新疆农业可持续发展的主要措施,如调整农业产业结构,进一步优化资源配置；认清区域资源的特点,发展区域特色农业；改变传统落后的灌溉方式,大力发展集水型生态农业；严格控制人口数量,全面提高人口素质；加强科技创新,普及可持续发展意识；建立资源可持续利用的宏观调控机制,形成持续稳定的良性生存环境.%Based on natural resources in Xinjiang, some problems existing in rrnagricultural sustainable development in Xinjiang were explored, such as rrnsimple agricultural structure (unbalanced development in different rrnregions), dispersed production pattern, and lower efficient water use for rrnagriculture. Furthermore, some countermeasures for Xinjiang agricultural rrnsustainable development were proposed as well, including adjustment of rrnagricultural structure for optimization of resource allocation, strict rrncontrol of population for improvement of people education, strengthening rrnof S&T innovation for popularization of sustainable development, and rrnconstruction of macro - adjustment mechanism of resources use for virtuous rrnenvironment.