湖南省典型农村饮用水水源环境状况调查与保护对策

摘要

Based on the investigation of water quality and environmental management for the drinking water sources in representative country-side of Hunan Province, the main problems of drinking water sources in representative countryside were summarized.The results showed that the qualification rate of surface drinking water source was 92.3% of 118 rural drinking water source areas in whole province, in which the main pollutants were total phosphorus and fecal coliforms.The qualification rate of underground drinking water sources was 72.7%, in which the main pollutants were total coliforms, ammonia nitrogen and manganese.The main management problems of drinking water sources in coun-tryside were low partition rate of protection area, incomplete improvement of protection area and low emergency response capability.For these problems, the measures of environmental protection were put forward, which could provide scientific basis for government decision-making and supervision of relevant administrative department.%通过对湖南省农村饮用水水源地水质状况和环境管理状况的调查,分析总结了农村饮用水水源地存在的主要问题.结果表明,全省118个农村饮用水水源地中,地表型饮用水水源水质的达标率为92.3%,主要污染物为总磷和粪大肠菌群;地下水型饮用水水源地水质的达标率为72.7%,主要污染物为总大肠菌群、氨氮和锰.农村饮用水水源地的管理主要存在保护区划分率低、保护区整治不彻底、应急能力低等问题.针对水源地存在的主要问题,提出了环境保护对策,为政府决策及有关行政管理部门监督管理提供了科学依据.