不同大豆品种产量及其构成因素比较

摘要

[Objective]To study yield and its components of different soybean varieties.[Method]Under the condition of outdoor cultivation,the sub-limited drought-resistant varieties Hefeng 50 (H50) and Heinong 48(H48),infinite drought-resistant varieties Nenfeng 18 (N18) and Hefeng 55(H55) were used as experimental materials to study their root-canopy ratio,yield and its components.[Result]The root-canopy ratio of different soybean varieties showed a tendency to decrease first and then rise,the highest point was in the V6 period,the maximum of Hefeng 55 and the minimum of Nenfeng 18 were 0.252,0.173,respectively.The lowest point was in the R5 period,at the moment,Heinong 48 (0.159) was the maximum,Nenfeng 18 (0.114) was the minimum.The root-canopy ratio was negatively correlated with the number of pods per plant,the negative correlation value was maximum in the V6 period (r=-0.814).The root-canopy ratio was positively correlated with the number of pods in the R6 period(r=0.647),while the negative correlation was minimum in the R7 period (r =-0.367).The positive correlation value between root-canopy ratio and 100-grain weight was maximum in the R5 period(r =0.919).The root-canopy ratio was negatively correlated with grain weight per plant in the whole growth period,the highest point was in the V6 period (r=-0.922).[Conclusion]The study can provide guidance for soybean field fertilizer management.%[目的]研究不同大豆品种产量及其构成因素.[方法]在露天盆栽的条件下,以亚有限抗旱品种合丰50号(H50)、无限抗旱品种嫩丰18号(N18)、亚有限抗旱品种黑农48号(H48)和无限抗旱品种合丰55号(H55)为试验材料,研究不同大豆品种根冠比与产量及其构成因素.[结果]不同大豆品种(除H50外)根冠比呈现先降低后升高的趋势,在V6期为最高点,最大值合丰55号与最小值嫩丰18号分别为0.252、0.173;最低点出现在R5期,此时最大值为黑农48号(0.159),最小值为嫩丰18号(0.114).根冠比与单株荚数在整个生育时期内均呈负相关,V6期根冠比与单株荚数负相关值最小(r=-0.814);根冠比与荚粒数在R6期呈正相关(r=0.647),而在R7期负相关值最小(r=-0.367);根冠比与百粒重在R5期正相关值最大(r=0.919);根冠比与单株粒重在整个生育时期内均呈现负相关,并在V6期达到最大值(r=-0.922).[结论]该研究可为大豆的田间水肥管理提供指导.