棉团铁线莲和辣蓼铁线莲叶的解剖学研究

摘要

[目的]比较棉团铁线莲(Clematis hexapetala)和辣蓼铁线莲(Clematis manshurica)叶的解剖学结构.[方法]运用常规石蜡制片技术,对棉团铁线莲和辣蓼铁线莲的叶进行比较解剖学研究.[结果]二者的叶均为背腹型叶.上、下表皮均由1层细胞构成,角质层不明显.气孔均为不规则型,主要分布在下表皮.棉团铁线莲的栅栏薄壁组织为双层,辣蓼铁线莲的栅栏薄壁组织为单层,棉团铁线莲和辣蓼铁线莲栅栏薄壁组织和海绵薄壁组织的厚度比分别为0.78∶1和0.47∶1.二者总叶柄结构相似,横切面上有数十个维管束,呈单轮环状排列,大小不等.二者小叶柄结构相似,横切面上棉团铁线莲有6个维管束,辣蓼铁线莲有5个维管束,且均呈单轮环状排列,大小不等.[结论]该研究可为铁莲属植物的引种驯化、新品种选育和园林应用研究提供理论依据.%[Objective] To compare the anatomical structure of Clematis hexapetala and Clematis manshurica leaves.[Method]The anatomical structure of C.hexapetala and C.manshurica leaves were studied by using routine paraffin method.[Result] The leaves of C.hexapetala and C.manshurica were bifacial.The upper epidermis and lower epidermis were composed of a layer of cells,and the stratum corneum was not obvious.The stomata was irregular and mainly distributed in the lower epidermis.Palisade tissue of C.hexapetala was double-layer,while that of C.manshurica was monolayer.The thickness ratio of the palisade tissue to the spongy tissue of C.hexapetala and C.manshurica was 0.78∶1 and 0.47∶1 respectively.C.hexapetala and C.manshurica had similar petiole structures.There were dozens of vascular bundles with different sizes arranged in single wheel annular situations in the transverse section.C.hexapetala and C.manshurica had similar petiolule structures.There were six vascular bundles in the transverse section of C.hexapetala,but there was five vascular bundles in the transverse section of C.manshurica,which arranged in single wheel annular situations and had different sizes.[Conclusion] The research results can provide theoretical basis for the introduction,habituation,new variety breeding and landscape application of Clematis L..