冬小麦带状撒播不同播期和播量对产量的影响

摘要

[Objective]To study the effects of sowing date and sowing rate on the yield of banded broadcasting winter wheat.[Method]The yield and yield components were analyzed by the two-factor split design.[Result]There were significant differences in yield and yield components be-tween different sowing dates and sowing rates, and sowing dates had a significant effect on the number of spikes.Sowing rate had a significant effect on the number of grains per spike,1 000-grain weight and yield.The effect of interaction was not significant.The yield of winter wheat Chang 6359 was 6 723-7 261 kg/hm2,the suitable sowing date was September 28-October 3,and the sowing rate was 300.0-450.0 kg/hm2. In the analysis of varieties and sowing rates on the factors of yield and yield components, the differences among varieties were significant.The yield of middle-ear cultivars was the highest among different varieties in the same period.[Conclusion]In a certain range of sowing date and the sowing quantity, the appropriate varieties were selected for sowing,early sowing could appropriatly reduce the sowing rate,increase the percent-age of earbearing tiller, and enhance the yield.Late sowing could appropriately increase sowing amount,enhance the number of spikes of main stem and increase the yield.%[目的]研究冬小麦撒播种植播期与播量对产量的影响.[方法]采用二因素裂区设计,对产量及其构成因素进行了分析.[结果]不同播期、播量的产量及其构成因素均有显著差异,播量对穗数的影响较大;播期对穗粒数、千粒重和产量的影响较大;播期与播量互作的影响不显著;冬小麦长6359撒播的产量在6723 ~7261 kg/hm2,适宜播种期为9月28日-10月3日,播量为300.0 ~450.0 kg/hm2.在品种、播量对产量及产量构成因素的分析中,品种间的差异显著;不同品种同期播种,中穗型品种产量为最高.[结论]在一定的播期、播量范围内,选择适宜的品种类型进行撒播,早播可适当降低播量,提高成穗率,增加产量;晚播适当增加播量,提高主茎成穗数增加产量.