气吸式排种器排种性能影响因素的分析与试验研究

摘要

To choose the right metering is the key to the seeder.This paper studies factors of the effect of seed-metering through theoretical analysis and experimental study.Theoretical analysis shows that the type of seed suction hole,the di-ameter of suction hole,the suction vacuum and the speed of seeding disk all have influence on seeding effect.And this pa-per study the single factor test about he diameter of suction hole.The result shows that when the diameter of suction hole is 5.5mm,the result of the metering is the best;I make an conclusion of different indicators for different optimization scheme,and by means of variance analysis,I make another conclusion of and the speed of seeding disk have a significant influence on seeding performance.When the speed of seeding disk is 35r/min, the suction vacuum is 4.0kPa,the result of the metering is the best.%为了研究气吸式排种器主要部件结构参数和工作参数变化对播种机排种性能的影响，分析了排种盘吸种孔型式、吸种孔直径、气吸式真空度和排种盘转速等参数对排种器排种性能的影响，并进行了结构优化设计和试验分析。研究结果表明：排种盘吸种孔型式、吸种孔直径、气吸式真空度和排种盘转速都对排种效果产生影响，排种盘转速和气吸室真空度对排种效果的影响最显著；对吸种孔直径进行单因素试验显示吸种孔直径在5．5 mm时，排种器的排种效果最佳。室内试验台试验得出，排种盘转速和气吸室真空度对排种质量都有影响：在排种盘转速一定时，气吸室真空度越大，对种子的吸附力越大，一次性吸附多粒种子的可能性就增加，就会产生重播现象；当气吸室真空度一定时，排种盘转速越大，排种盘吸附种子的时间就越少，种子越不容易被吸附，就会产生漏播现象。通过方差分析得出：当排种盘转速为35 r／min、气吸室真空度为4 kPa时，排种器的排种效果最佳。