卵菌是色菌界(Chromista)中一类二倍体真核微生物,包括许多重要的植物病原菌.由于缺乏有效的遗传和分子生物学工具,在分子水平上的研究进展一直比较缓慢.为促进人们对卵菌分子遗传学的了解,探索成熟的基因功能分析方法,本文综述了目前卵菌基因功能研究中使用的三类分析方法:干扰基因表达的方法、缺失特定基因的方法和促使基因表达的方法.重点论述了干扰基因表达进行卵菌基因功能分析的方法,讨论了三类方法中不同技术的优缺点,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望.%Oomycetes is a class of diploid eukaryotic microorganisms in the kingdom of Chromista, including many of important plant pathogens. The principal impediment to progress in the molecular analysis of oomycetes has been the lack of efficient genetic and molecular biological tools. To evoke researchers to better understand the molecular genetics of oomycets and find out efficient tools for functional analysis of genes, three kinds of methods (disturbing gene expression, disrupting specific genes and spurring gene expression) used for the gene function analysis in oomycete study are reviewed in this paper. The review places an emphasis on the kind of disturbing gene expression. The advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques in three kinds were discussed. Future research trends of molecular genetics tools were discussed as well.
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