目的 拟观察孕期GBS筛查母亲所生新生儿口腔菌群的结构特点,为预测新生儿GBS感染提供新思路.方法 选择2017年2月至4月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院自然分娩的足月新生儿16例,其中母亲GBS筛查阳性的新生儿8例为观察组,8例母亲产检正常的新生儿作为对照组.头娩出后采用无菌吸痰装置清理新生儿口腔,收集口腔分泌物,提取细菌基因组DNA,采用Illumina MiSeq平台对样本细菌进行16s rRNA测序及生物信息分析.结果 两组婴儿临床资料对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组样品主要的菌门是厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和变形菌门,差异均无统计学意义;两组样品主要的菌属包括乳酸菌属、双歧杆菌属、普拉梭菌属、拟杆菌属、普雷沃菌属、棒状杆菌属和链球菌属,其中链球菌属在观察组中的含量高于对照组(P=0.044),且其中1例链球菌属相对丰度为0.18,该婴儿发生晚发型败血症,其余菌属差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 母亲GBS定植所生新生儿生后口腔链球菌含量升高,16s rRNA测序技术检测新生儿生后口腔链球菌丰度可为预测新生儿GBS感染提供支持.%Objective To provide a new way to detect GBS infection in neonates observing the oral microbiome features in neonates with positive results of perinatal GBP screening. Methods 16 newborns through natural childbirth from February to April, 2017 were selected. Among which, the 8 neonates whose mothers were positive in GBS screening were set as an observation group, and the other 8 whose mothers were normal a control group. When the neonates heads were delivered out, their oral cavities were cleaned with sterile suction device, and the oral secretions were collected; the bacterial genomic DNA was extracted; the sample bacteria were sequenced with Illumina MiSeq, and their biological information was analyzed. Results There were no statistical differences in the clinical data between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The dominant phlums in the two groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, with no statisitcal differences. And the main genus were Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Corynebacterium, and Streptococcus; there was statistical difference in Streptococcus (P=0.044) but no in the other genus (all P > 0.05) between the two groups. The relative abundance of Streptococcus in one case was 0.18, and this baby suffered from late onset sepsis. Conclusions Perinatal GBS infection has effect on the oral micro population of neonates;and 16s rRNA sequencing technology may provide support for predicting the GBS infection in newborns.
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